COP29, which opens this Monday, November 11 in Baku, Azerbaijan, will last until November 22. It is chaired by Mukhtar Babayev, the Azerbaijani Minister of Ecology and Natural Resources, and a former executive of the oil company SOCAR. Emmanuel Macron will not participate but will be represented by the Minister of Ecological Transition, Agnès Pannier-Runacher.
This annual UN climate conference must conclude with a new objective of financial aid to developing countries, so that they can reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and adapt to climate change. This new objective will replace the one of 100 billion per year set in 2009, and painfully achieved only in 2022.
It will also be an opportunity to set the rules of the cooperation framework for carbon credit markets.
The Convention now has 198 Parties (197 countries plus the European Union). In these negotiations, France is represented by the Minister of Ecological Transition, Agnès Pannier-Runacher.
As a reminder, COP28 on climate, which took place in Dubai between November 30 and December 13, 2023, focused on the transition away from fossil fuels. COP30, which will be held in Belém (Brazil), will focus on the next cycle of new commitments at the national level.
Baku is highlighting its own commitments, although these remain limited as they stand: reducing CO2 emissions by 40% by 2050 and increasing renewable capacities by 30% by 2030. “Since 2015, in nine years, oil production volumes have decreased by 30% from 41 to 29 million tonnes per year,” explains specialist Ilham Shaban of the Caspian Barrel Oil Research Center in Baku. “In all likelihood, by 2050 Azerbaijan will become the first oil country in the world to stop its commercial production.”
But at the same time, Azerbaijan wants to increase natural gas production by 14% by 2035, as the NGO Oil Change International points out. The local media do not dwell on these contradictions. On the contrary, state agencies seem to have prepared counter-fires and publish articles presented as “investigations” against the “anti-Azerbaijani propaganda” of foreign media. “In the coming days, the Azerbaijani reader should expect headlines about the “collusion of COP29 and the oil and gas lobby,” one of them already warns.
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